External cylindrical grinder is a type of machine tool widely used for machining the outer surface and shoulder end face of cylindrical, conical, or other shaped elements of workpieces. It generally consists of the basic cast iron bed, worktable, head frame and tailstock that support and drive the workpiece to rotate, grinding wheel frame (grinding head) that installs the grinding wheel, transverse feed mechanism that controls the size of the grinding workpiece, electrical and hydraulic devices that control the movement of the machine tool's moving parts, and other main components.
There are several measures to improve the machining accuracy of cylindrical grinders, including:
1. Reduce raw errors: Improve machining accuracy by identifying the cause of errors and taking measures to eliminate and reduce them.
2. Compensating for original errors: By artificially creating some errors to offset the original errors, the goal of improving machining accuracy is achieved.
3. Transmitting raw errors: Transmitting geometric errors and thermal deformations in the process system to avoid affecting machining accuracy.
4. Divide the original error equally: Divide the error into several parts and adjust each part to achieve the goal of improving machining accuracy.
5. On site handling method: Solve problems through quick handling methods, such as repairing machine tools, adjusting grinding wheel spindle motors, etc.
In addition, specific measures to improve machining accuracy include the detection and scraping of the bed guide rail, the detection and trimming of the sliding saddle guide rail, the adjustment of the gap between the grinding wheel spindle and the bearing shell, the balance of the grinding wheel spindle motor, and the optimization of the heat treatment process.
It should be noted that improving the machining accuracy of cylindrical grinders requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, including machine tool design, manufacturing materials, processing technology, operating environment, etc. Therefore, in practical operation, corresponding measures need to be taken according to specific situations to ensure that the machining accuracy meets the requirements.