The process of CNC cylindrical grinding machine is influenced by many factors, resulting in corresponding errors. These factors can be classified into two types: one occurs during the metal cutting process, and the other is the process structure and state itself. It can be specifically divided into the following categories:
(1) Error caused by spindle rotation
This type of error is mainly caused by axial displacement, angular swing, and other factors, including various errors in the bearings themselves and axial errors between bearings.
(2) Guide rail error
The guide rail of a machine tool is the standard for the relative position of its components, and it is also the benchmark for the operation of a CNC cylindrical grinder. The errors generated by the guide rail will be directly reflected on the processed workpiece, which will have a corresponding impact on the machining accuracy of the workpiece. When the tool holder moves, it will produce corresponding oscillations, and the movement of the tool tip will form a curve, causing errors in the shape of the workpiece. In addition, the uneven installation quality and wear of guide rails are also the main factors causing guide rail errors, and guide rail wear can also reduce the accuracy of the machine tool.
(3) Transmission chain error
This is the movement of components between the two ends of the transmission chain, and the error generated is mainly judged based on the angle of rotation at the end.
(4) Error of CNC machine tools
There are two major differences between CNC machine tools and general machine tools: first, CNC machine tools are CNC systems; The second is that the drive system of CNC machine tools is a servo system. However, there are many similarities between the errors generated on CNC cylindrical grinders and those generated on ordinary machine tools, such as sampling delay errors in detection systems.